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Oryza Taxonomy

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Rice belongs to the genus Oryza, of the tribe Oryzeae, of the subfamily Bambusoideae or Ehrhartoideae, of the family Poaceae or Gramineae. The 2 cultivated species are Oryza sativa and Oryza glaberrima. As a result of genetic studies, many scientists believe that common wild rice, Oryza rufipogon, was the wild ancestor of Oryza sativa.

According to PlantsDB and ITIS there are 7 accepted species of rice:

Kingdom: Plantae - Plants
Subkingdom: Tracheobionta - Vascular plants
Superdivision: Spermatophyta - Seed plants
Division: Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants
Class: Liliopsida - Monocotyledons
Subclass: Commelinidae
Order: Cyperales
Family: Poaceae - Grass family
Genus: Oryza L. - rice

Species: Oryza barthii - Barth's rice
Species: Oryza glaberrima - African rice
Species: Oryza latifolia - broadleaf rice
Species: Oryza longistaminata - longstamen rice
Species: Oryza punctata - red rice
Species: Oryza rufipogon - brownbeard rice
Species: Oryza sativa - rice

Data from: Plants Database USDA, NRCS. 2006. The PLANTS Database (http://plants.usda.gov, 17 October 2006). National Plant Data Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70874-4490 USA, and ITIS Retrieved October 17, 2006.

However, these resources focus only on North America, and the research community identifies 23 species and 10 recognized genome types (AA, BB, CC, BBCC, CCDD, EE, FF, GG, HHJJ, HHKK [Gramene]).

At Gramene, where the genomic data is taken from publications, Oryza species with data include:

Oryza alta Oryza australiensis Oryza barthii Oryza brachyantha Oryza coarctata Oryza eichingeri Oryza glaberrima Oryza glumipatula (Oryza glumaepatula) Oryza grandiglumis

Oryza granulata Oryza latifolia Oryza longiglumis Oryza logistaminata (Oryza glumaepatula) Oryza malampuzhaensis Oryza meridionalis Oryza meyeriana Oryza minuta Oryza nivara (Oryza sativa f. spontanea)

Oryza officinalis Oryza perennis Oryza punctata Oryza rhizomatis Oryza ridleyi Oryza rufipogon Oryza sativa Oryza schlecteri Data retrieved October 17, 2006

Links to Oryza taxonomy information:

• National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) Taxonomy Browser - Oryza
• Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN) Taxonomy - Oryza
• Genetic structure and diversity in Oryza sativa L. 2005. Garris, A., et al.
• The population structure of African cultivated rice (Oryza Glaberrima (Steud.): evidence for elevated levels of LD caused by admixture with O. sativa and ecological adaptation. 2004. Semon, M., et al.
• Wild Rice Taxonomy from IRRI