Culm

ao                accerelated overgrowth of  Internode (Awa-odori) (Nakamura 1992)
bc-l              brittle culm-l (chr.3, Nagao & Takahashi 1963)
bc-2             brittle culm-2 (chr.5, Takahashi et al. 1968, Sanchez & Khush 1994)
bc-3             brittle culm-3 (chr.2, Iwata & Omura 1977, Iwata et al. 1989a)
bc-4             brittle culm-4 (chr.6, Librojo & Khush 1986)
bc-5            brittle node (chr.2, Khush & Sanchez 1993, Sanchez & Khush 1994)
Bc-6*         Brittle culm-6 (Singh et al. 1994)
dw-1            deep water tolerance / duplicate (chr.6, Ramiah & Ramaswami 1941, Jodon 1955)
dw-2            deep water tolerance (Ramiah & Ramaswami 1941)
dw-3            deep water tolerance-3 (Eiguchi et al. 1993)
El*             Floating habit / complementary with sd-1 or d-18k (Suge 1987, Thakur & Lambers 1989)
er                 erect growth habit (chr.5, Takahashi et al. 1968)
Esb-a*         Extra schlenchymatous band in stem / complementary (Sethi & Roy 1984)
Esb-b*        Extra schlenchymatous band in stem (Sethi & Roy 1984)
eui                elongated uppermost internode (chr.5, Rutger & Carnahan 1981,
                    Maekawa et al. 1989)
fc-1             fine culm-l (chr.3, Iwata & Omura 1977)
fc-2             fine culm-2 (chr.6 , Satoh et al. 1983, 1986)
Fsc*            Fuscoid cells attached to vascular bundles (Sethi & Roy 1984)
(Fc)
la                 lazy growth habit (chr.11, Nagao & Takahashi 1963)
Nd*             Early nodal differentiation (Tripathi & Rao 1985)
Nr-1*           Nodal rooting / complementary (Tripathi & Rao 1985)
Nr-2*           Nodal rooting (Tripathi & Rao 1985)
rcn-1            reduced culm number-1 (chr.6, Takamure & Kinoshita 1985)
rcn-2            reduced culm number-2 (chr.4, Takamure et al. 1989)
rcn-3            reduced culm number-3 (Takamure et al. 1989)
rcn-4            reduced culm number-4 (Takamure & Kinoshita 1993b, Takamure 1994)
rcn-5            reduced culm number-5 (chr. 6, Takamure & Kinoshita 1993)
ts-a               twisted stem / complementary (chr. 1, Hsieh 1960)
ts-b              twisted stem (Hsieh 1960)